Mongol Empire and Silk Road Essay Example for Free

Mongol Empire and Silk Road Essay The Silk Road is a touchstone for world history. It was a rich trans-regional vehicle for the transmission of art, religion, science and disease that also affords a glimpse into the politics and economic systems of the pre-modern world. . The Silk Road in World History (Suggested writing time – 40 minutes) You should spend at least 10 minutes reading, analyzing, and grouping the sources. Directions: The following question is based on the accompanying Sources 1 6. (The sources have been edited for the purpose of this exercise). The question is designed to test your ability to work with and understand historical sources. Write an essay that: Â · Has a relevant thesis and supports that thesis with evidence from the sources. Â · Uses all of the sources. Â · Analyzes the sources by grouping them in as many appropriate ways as possible and does not simply summarize the sources individually. Â · Takes into account both the sources of the documents and the authors points of view. You may refer to relevant historical information not mentioned in the sources. Prompt: To what extent did the Silk Road create an interconnected network? What kinds of additional documentation would help assess the role of the Silk Road in creating interconnected network from the 2nd century C.E. to the 13th century? Source 1 Source: Roman historian, Cassius Dio, 164 224 C.E., commented on a celebration the Roman emperor, Julius Caesar, staged in his own honor around 50 B.C.E. If I mention one feature of his [Caesars] extravagance at that time, I shall thereby give an idea of all the rest. In order that the sun might not annoy any of the spectators, he had curtains stretched over them made of silk, according to some accounts. Now this fabric is a device of barbarian luxury, and has come down from them even to us to gratify the fastidious taste of fine ladies. Source 2 Source: Sima Qian, The Records of the Grand Historian, about Zhang Qian, a diplomat who traveled to the court of the Yuezhi for the Han Emperor Wudi, 1st century B.C.E. Zhang Qian was the first person to bring back a clear account of the Dayuan [present day Krygystan and Uzbekistan]. Anzi [Parthian Persia] is situated several thousand li [a little more than a third of a mile] west of the region of the Great Yuezhi. The people are settled on the land, cultivating the fields and growing rice and wheat. They also make wine out of grapes. . Source 3 Source: Faxian, A Chinese Buddhist Monks Travels in India and Ceylon, 399 411 C.E. From this place [Central Asia], we traveled southeast, passing by a succession of very many monasteries, with a multitude of monks . When stranger monks arrive at any monastery, the old residents meet and receive them . Source 4 Source: Anonymous assistant to a Chinese merchant, A Record of Musings On the Eastern Capital, about Hangzhou, capital of the Southern Sung Dynasty, 1235. During the morning hours, markets extend from Tranquility Gate of the palace all the way to the north and south sides of the New Boulevard. Here we find pearl, jade, talismans, exotic plants and fruits, seasonal catches from the sea, wild game all the rarities of the world seem to be gathered here. Some of the hustlers are students who failed to achieve any literary distinction. Though able to read and write, and play musical instruments and chess, they are not highly skilled in any art. They end up being a kind of guide for young men from wealthy families, accompanying them in their pleasure-seeking activities. Source 5 Source: Friar John of Monte Corvino, Letter to the West, one of two letters written to his fellow Franciscans around 1295. John was sent by Pope Nicolas IV to try to make an alliance with the Mongols against the Mamluk rulers of Egypt. I, Friar John of Monte Corvino, of the Order of Friars Minor, departed from Tauris, a city of the Persians, in the year of the Lord 1291, and proceeded to India. And I remained in the country of India, wherein stands the church of St. Thomas the Apostle, for thirteen months, . I proceeded on my further journey and made my way to Cathay, the realm of the emperor of the Mongols who is called the Great Khan. To him I presented the letter of our lord the pope, and invited him to adopt the Catholic faith of our Lord Jesus Christ, but he had grown too old in idolatry. However he bestows kindnesses upon the Christians, and these two years past I am abiding with him. Source 6 Source: Marco Polo, The Travels of Marco Polo, a Venetian merchant who may have worked for the Yuan dynasty, the Mongol rulers of China, late 13th century. This excerpt is a description of Hangzhou, a southern city that was part of the Yuan empire. There are within the city ten principal squares or market places, besides innumerable shops along the streets. . On the nearer bank stand large stone warehouses provided for merchants who arrive from India and other parts with their goods and effects. They are thus situated conveniently close to the market squares. In each of these, three days in every week, from forty to fifty thousand persons come to these markets and supply them with every article that could be desired.

Essay --

While the so-called religious issue is necessarily and properly the chief topic here tonight, I want to emphasize from the outset that we have far more critical issues to face in the 1960 election; the spread of Communist influence, until it now festers 90 miles off the coast of Florida--the humiliating treatment of our President and Vice President by those who no longer respect our power--the hungry children I saw in West Virginia, the old people who cannot pay their doctor bills, the families forced to give up their farms--an America with too many slums, with too few schools, and too late to the moon and outer space. These are the real issues which should decide this campaign. And they are not religious issues--for war and hunger and ignorance and despair know no religious barriers. But because I am a Catholic, and no Catholic has ever been elected President, the real issues in this campaign have been obscured--perhaps deliberately, in some quarters less responsible than this. So it is apparently necessary for me to state once again--not what kind of church I believe in, for that should be important only to me--but what kind of America I believe in. I believe in an America where the separation of church and state is absolute--where no Catholic prelate would tell the President (should he be Catholic) how to act, and no Protestant minister would tell his parishoners for whom to vote--where no church or church school is granted any public funds or political preference--and where no man is denied public office merely because his religion differs from the President who might appoint him or the people who might elect him. I believe in an America that is officially neither Catholic, Protestant nor Jewish--where no public offici... ...h favor upon those who would work to subvert Article VI of the Constitution by requiring a religious test--even by indirection--for it. If they disagree with that safeguard they should be out openly working to repeal it. I want a Chief Executive whose public acts are responsible to all groups and obligated to none--who can attend any ceremony, service or dinner his office may appropriately require of him--and whose fulfillment of his Presidential oath is not limited or conditioned by any religious oath, ritual or obligation. This is the kind of America I believe in--and this is the kind I fought for in the South Pacific, and the kind my brother died for in Europe. No one suggested then that we may have a "divided loyalty," that we did "not believe in liberty," or that we belonged to a disloyal group that threatened the "freedoms for which our forefathers died." Essay -- While the so-called religious issue is necessarily and properly the chief topic here tonight, I want to emphasize from the outset that we have far more critical issues to face in the 1960 election; the spread of Communist influence, until it now festers 90 miles off the coast of Florida--the humiliating treatment of our President and Vice President by those who no longer respect our power--the hungry children I saw in West Virginia, the old people who cannot pay their doctor bills, the families forced to give up their farms--an America with too many slums, with too few schools, and too late to the moon and outer space. These are the real issues which should decide this campaign. And they are not religious issues--for war and hunger and ignorance and despair know no religious barriers. But because I am a Catholic, and no Catholic has ever been elected President, the real issues in this campaign have been obscured--perhaps deliberately, in some quarters less responsible than this. So it is apparently necessary for me to state once again--not what kind of church I believe in, for that should be important only to me--but what kind of America I believe in. I believe in an America where the separation of church and state is absolute--where no Catholic prelate would tell the President (should he be Catholic) how to act, and no Protestant minister would tell his parishoners for whom to vote--where no church or church school is granted any public funds or political preference--and where no man is denied public office merely because his religion differs from the President who might appoint him or the people who might elect him. I believe in an America that is officially neither Catholic, Protestant nor Jewish--where no public offici... ...h favor upon those who would work to subvert Article VI of the Constitution by requiring a religious test--even by indirection--for it. If they disagree with that safeguard they should be out openly working to repeal it. I want a Chief Executive whose public acts are responsible to all groups and obligated to none--who can attend any ceremony, service or dinner his office may appropriately require of him--and whose fulfillment of his Presidential oath is not limited or conditioned by any religious oath, ritual or obligation. This is the kind of America I believe in--and this is the kind I fought for in the South Pacific, and the kind my brother died for in Europe. No one suggested then that we may have a "divided loyalty," that we did "not believe in liberty," or that we belonged to a disloyal group that threatened the "freedoms for which our forefathers died."

Ihrm, Describe the Main Challenges of International Staffing

IHRM Describe the mains challenges of international staffing. These years, international staffing has become a common setting for MNEs. Over the last decade, globalization and internationalization of marketplaces had brought companies to expatriate their resources on target countries and sectors. It naturally means that they will face lot of new challenges to succeed in their process. Expanding business operations beyond national boundaries while trying to stay effective on the domestic market requires complex and balanced strategies. The most critical determinants stay to keep an effective international esource management. So we will try to summarize the different challenges of international staffing. In a first part I will focus on the different international staffing issues to understand well the challenge dimension. In a second part I will highlight the different challenges raised by the central notion of expatriation. International staffing is the way that companies manage inter national resources, facing different limits like geographic distance or day- ­? to- ­? day relations with headquarters for example. The first challenge could be express through the possibilities for MNEs to choose a certain source f employees. First, the company can send employees and manager from its home country, more known as Parent Country Nationals (PCNs) or expatriates. Second, they can recruit directly Host Country National (HCNs) native from there. Third choice, they can hire Third Country National (TCNs) who is native from another country than the host or the home country. Companies use also different stages of internationalization and staffing strategies. We can observe that companies generally recruit the three types of employees and make them work together. We commonly call that a cross cultural management, illustrated y the idea to take good skills of each culture to bring them to global mind set with added value, in a aim to create efficiency. The success of cross cultural management seems to be a big challenge in international staffing in the way that it comes from the real difficulty to recruit top talents able to be efficient abroad, added to multiple legal issues. It seems also important to describe the four principal international staffing issues that seem to be a numerous challenge in the sense that it will condition your whole international management strategy. The MNEs can choose to use an ethnocentric staffing olicy that refers to the strategy of employ key positions managers from the parent headquarters instead of employing local staff. They will be use to transfer corporate culture to the foreign entity and insure an effective communication with headquarters. Limits are the adaptation of expatriates and relations with HCNs. Second option is the polycentric policy that describes an approach of recruiting HCNs to manage subsidiaries in their own country. So there are no language and cultural barriers and it’s far less expansiv e. But it results a less effective communication with headquarters and then difficulties o coordinate activities. In the geocentric issue the best people are sought for key jobs throughout the organization, regardless of nationality. It enables a multinational firm to develop a pool of senior international managers but it is the most expansive option. To finish, in the regiocentric staffing policy, employees are transferred to positions in subsidiaries in other countries, but stay within the same region (Mayrhofer and Brewster â€Å"In Praise of Ethnocentricity†). It permit to install a regional competition to success but it can also lead to identification and put global objectives on a second cene. Today, most of the international companies choose to expatriate top managers in foreign subsidiaries to control them. But expatriation seems to be the biggest challenge that they have to deal with for the simple reason that it the first reason of failure. The principal value of ex patriation is the quality of communication between PCNs and headquarters. PCNs don’t have any problem of language barrier with home country and actually know the home country top management. They understand their ideas, strategies and goals and by consequences can implement them faster. They also play a rule of knowledge ransfer and actually maintain a knowledge base (laws, politics, cultures, languages†¦) about the complexities of international operations (Downes and Thomas: â€Å"Knowledge Transfer†). Close to this knowledge transfer they serve a mission of corporate culture transmission. So they will implement the company’s culture, its values, believes, mission and follow a certain management style. One big challenge of international staffing is also to overcome the lack of qualified host country nationals because knowledge in special areas is needed and not directly available in some host countries. Erten- ­? Buch and Mattl ave studied the issue in 1 999 and they highlighted the idea of emphasis of expatriation as a means to overcome the lack of qualified host country nationals lies in compensating a long- ­? term lack of a skilled workforce. Expatriation has to deal with lot of difficulties that turn it out in a big challenge for international staffing. It is a big point to insure the well understanding of local business environment. It is also a big challenge to anchor the company in the local country by developing contacts and adjustment to local places, a kind of local emphasis. International staffing needs to face big ultural shocks. Expatriate managers arrive in a complete unknown environment; it creates confusion, disorientation and a certain emotional upheaval. It is a big challenge to cross it fast and with success. Staffing abroad means also deal with costs issues. The most obvious problem for a company when sending an expat abroad to be considered is the extremely high costs involved. The challenge is to measure the interest between insure this cost or insure the less effectiveness you will get by reducing your cost and employ a HCN. Employing an expat in a developed country for a certain period of time can cost p to four times as much as recruiting local staff and eight times as much in developing regions such as Asia Pacific. Failure rates are also a big challenge and a very important issue. Manager’s inability to adept, family related matters, lack of motivation are examples of failures. The rate of those being recalled to the headquarters is between 20 and 50% (Brewster 1991’s report). The major challenge of multinational and often missed by International Human Resources Management is the repatriation (Harvey, 1989). The professional transition into the home office cause a lot of difficulties that are most f the time neglected. It seems to be an unmeasured stage of internationalization. In conclusion we could say that the biggest challenge is to choose an adapted strategy of internationalisation and find out the correspondent staffing issue. Expatriates seem to represent an extremely expansive but not always necessary investment. Telecommunications and travel have made the human resources function of matching up employers and employees much easier over the years. The hiring of top talents will it be enough to cover good headquarters relations and eliminate geographic distance challenges in the future? 2

Developing A Global Partnership For Development Goals

In the start of the millennium, United Nation’s General Assembly started a campaign called Millennium Development Goals (MDG’s). In this campaign all the 189 countries and 23 international organizations committed to help achieve these Goals. The goals are designed to be achieved by the year 2015 and 8 important goals were developed. These 8 different goals are 1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger, 2. Achieve Universal primary education, 3. Promote gender equality and women empowerment, 4. Reduce child mortality, 5. Improve maternal health, 6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other deadly diseases, 7. Ensure environmental sustainability, 8. Develop a global partnership for development. In the 2015 Millennium Development Goals report, the progress that has been made in the last 15 years has been given. People who were living in extreme poverty, has been declined significantly. Almost 1.9 billion people in the developing countries were living in extreme poverty, due to MDGà ¢â‚¬â„¢s that number is dropped down to 836 million in last 15 years. There has been almost 33% decline in the poverty. In the year 2000 almost 100 million children did not get basic primary education, but it also has been dropped to 57 million. The Sub – Saharan Africa region has seen the most development, it has seen a rise of 20% from 2000 – 2015 and the world literacy rate is increased from 83% to 91%. In southern Asia there has been tremendous increase in girls going to school. In the year 1990, only 74 girlsShow MoreRelatedGlobal Economic Development As A Trade Policy Essay848 Words   |  4 PagesGlobal economic development as a trade policy However, would the idea of mercantilists who emphasize the only national benefits, productivity, or competitiveness fit to the current globalised world? 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The non-charitable organisations objective embedded within its mission statement is to work with all its partners towards the attainment of the sustainable human development goals adopted by the world community and theRead MoreRoles Of The Private Sector And Partnerships1499 Words   |  6 Pagessector and partnerships continue to gain recognition in the context of development strategies and international policy-making. Agenda 2030 (SDG 17 â€Å"Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership of sustainable development†), the report of the Third International Conference on Financing for Development, and UN agencies’ strategies for partnership with the private sector provide a clear call to action for delivering global partnerships for sustainable development. 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Once gain the goals are high achieving and unattainable within a 15 year span. Although the world has succeeded in significantly reducing poverty, since the creation of the Millennium Devel opment goals, theRead MoreGlobal Health Policy Efforts Is The Right Of All Humans On The Planet Essay960 Words   |  4 PagesGlobal Health Policy Efforts The right of all humans on the planet is to have access to health, education, and environmental sustainability. In September of 2000, world leaders adopted the United Nations Millennium Declaration, which committed world leaders to eight millennium development goals that address poverty, hunger, disease, and lack of adequate shelter (Millennium Project, 2006). Centers around the world focus on global development in alignment with the Millennium Goals by improving healthRead MoreCountry Partnership Framework Sri Lanka Essay1487 Words   |  6 PagesCountry Partnership Framework – Sri Lanka Review Sri Lanka will soon celebrate its 69th Independence Day on 04th February 2017. Although it gained its independence from the British Rule in 1948, many significant events since, have impacted the country’s growth and economic development. Notably the rise of Tamil militancy in the 1970s that only ended with the Sri Lankan military defeating the LTTE in 2009, the new constitution that was introduced as recently as 1977, the continued civic unrest evenRead MoreImproving Health, Education, And The Environment1106 Words   |  5 Pageseducation, and the environment. These goals were endorsed by 189 countries at the September 2000 UN Millennium General Assembly in New York. They focus on significant, measurable improvements for the efforts of the World Bank Group, governments, other international organizations, and other partners in the development community. The MDGs grew out of the agreements and resolutions that have resulted from world conferences organized by the UN in the pas t 10–15 years. Each goal is to be achieved by 2015, withRead MoreThe Alliance : A Partnership Of Convenience Between Unionists And Environmentalists1396 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The BlueGreen Alliance is a partnership between labor unions and environmentalists, boasting membership of fifteen of the largest unions and environmental organizations in the United States, and nearly 16 million members (BlueGreen Alliance / About Us). The organization was founded in 2006 with the intent to address climate change in a way that creates and maintains valuable jobs in green industries (Glas, 1). The BlueGreen Alliance asserts that climate change is one of the greatestRead MoreWhat Are The Crucial Steps Undertaken By Emerging Firms To Enter Into The Global Environment?1463 Words   |  6 Pagesquestion:What are the crucial steps undertaken by emerging firms to enter into the global environment? Over the last two decades there has been a drastic shift in the way companies perform around the world. Few companies rise to more than the level which was expected but majority of others can’t even reach to equilibrium state. We can find that more and more companies from developing and underdeveloped countries are rising into the global presence. Some of them are Mexico’s Cemex, China’s Baosteel, India’s Dr

Spanish Verbs for Trying

To try is one of those English verbs that will steer you down the wrong path if you try to translate it with just one Spanish verb. This lesson looks at the most common ways of expressing the idea of trying and related phrases such as to try to or to try out. Fast Facts Tratar de and intentar are are the most common ways of translating try when it means to attempt something.Esforzarse and phrases using esfuerzo can also be used to emphasize the effort given.When try refers to a testing or testing out, the preferred translation is usually probar. Trying as Attempting When try means attempt, it can usually be translated as tratar de or intentar followed by an infinitive. The two are roughly synonymous, although tratar de is more common. Note that intentar is a false friend to the English verb to intend — intentar involves an actual attempt, not a mere intent as the English verb does. Tratamos de hacer lo mejor para conseguir el objetivo. (We are trying to do what is best in order to reach the objective.)Trataron de resucitar al cantante durante mà ¡s de una hora en el hospital. (They tried to resuscitate the singer for more than an hour in the hospital.)Trataremos de resolver sus problemas. (We will try to resolve your problems.)Vamos a tratar de ganar el campeonato. (We are going to try to win the championship.)Intentamos resolver las dudas que puedan surgir. (We are trying to resolve the doubts that may arise.)Intentar es major que esperar. (Trying is better than waiting.)Me intentaron hacer un fraude. (They tried to commit a fraud against me.)Intento comprender la verdad. (I am trying to understand the truth.) Trying as Testing When to try means to test, as the phrase to try out often does, you can often use the verb probar: Probamos algo nuevo. (Were trying something new.)Los estudiantes probaron comidas de los diferentes paà ­ses. (The students tried meals of different countries.)Los terroristas probaban gases venenosos experimentando con perros. (The terrorists tried out poisonous gases by experimenting with dogs.)Me probà © la camisa y vi que estaba hecha exactamente a mi medida. (I tried on the shirt and saw that it was made exactly to my size.)Desde que probà © su consejo, mi vida cambià ³ para siempre. (Ever since I tried her advice, my life has been forever changed.)Pues, pruà ©balo y verà ¡s. (Here, try it out and youll see.)Voy a probar un nuevo truco de magia. (Im going to try a new magic trick.)Probà © suerte de nuevo y abrà ­ mi propio negocio. (I tried my luck again and opened my own business.) Trying as an Effort To try in the sense of put forth an effort can often be translated as esforzarse or a phrase such as hacer un esfuerzo por. Although intentar and tratar de can also indicate an effort, they put less emphasis on it than do esforzarse and phrases using esfuerzo. Sà © que puedes esforzarte mà ¡s. (I know you can try harder.)Me esfuerzo con toda intensidad por ser sincero. (Im trying as hard as I can to be honest.)Pero yo me esfuerzo todo lo que puedo. (Im trying to do everything I can.)Hago un esfuerzo por  apartar de mi mente lo ocurrido y concentrarme en mi trabajo. (Im trying to get my mind off of what happened and concentrate on my work.)Volvià ³ al sillà ³n e  hizo un esfuerzo por  relajarse.  (She returned to the rocking chair and tried to relax.)Es necesario hacer un esfuerzo. (It is necessary to try.) Legal Use of 'Try' To try in the sense of to put on trial can be expressed by procesar or juzgar: El juez procesà ³ ayer a ocho personas por el robo de armas de guerra. The judge yesterday tried eight people for the theft of military weapons.Juzgaron a los activistas de Greenpeace en Espaà ±a. The Greenpeace activists were tried in Spain. 'Try' as a Noun Try as a noun can often be translated well using intento: Haz de nuevo el intento. Give it another try. ¡Al menos hicieron  su mejor intento! At least they gave it their best try!Al menos resulta un intento divertido. (At least it was a fun try.)

Thomas Jefferson And Alexander Hamilton - 1567 Words

Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton were two Founding Fathers with contrasting backgrounds that shaped their views and desires for the new nation. Jefferson, an anti-federalist from a wealthy, agricultural background advocated for the protection of states’ rights and the limitation of federal power. Hamilton, a federalist born from a poor family and who established himself through the military, advocated for a strong, central government. Both Jefferson and Hamilton would find themselves at ends with one another on a multitude of issues when it came to how the new nation would be organized. One topic that caused much controversy between the two Founding Fathers was the establishment of federal banking system. After the Revolutionary War, America found itself in near crippling debt and no essential way to bring in income rather than relying upon the states. Hamilton sought to implement a national bank to assist in administrating the nation’s finances and argues that it would create a more efficient, prosperous nation. Conversely, Jefferson saw necessity in having an agrarian economy and argued that not only did a federal bank give the national government too much power, but that it was also unconstitutional. When comparing the strengths of Hamilton and Jefferson’s arguments on the establishment of a national bank, it is evident that Hamilton’s argument for a national bank was superior to the antifederalist opposition. Hamilton’s Report on a National Bank documents theShow MoreRelatedThomas Jefferson And Alexander Hamilton848 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton set the path for the two-party system of government we have today in the United States. In the 1790s, the Federalists were led by Hamilton and leading the Republicans was Thomas Jefferson (Bethel University, 2004). Many differences distinguished the two parties. The visions each person had for governing the states was compromised by the ev ents leading up to the systems establishments and the later roles of wars, like the War of 1812, and national organizationRead MoreAlexander Hamilton And Thomas Jefferson819 Words   |  4 Pages Alexander Hamilton was born on January 11, 1755 in Nevis, British West Indies and Thomas Jefferson was born on April 13, 1743, Shadwell, VA. They both grew up on plantations and had families and siblings. However, Jefferson had nine siblings while Hamilton only had his younger brother James A. Hamilton. The two men had a great adoration for reading and were brilliant. They were phenomenal writers and had many famous works. They were both founding fathers and were part of Washington’s first cabinetRead MoreEssay on Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton655 Words   |  3 Pagesinvolved in the establishment of the government, the laws regulating states and people, and individual rights in the construction of the United States of America. Two men stand out as instrumental to our fou nding principles: Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton. Thomas Jefferson was an educated, articulate and accomplished man from a well-respected family. He had a great understanding of farming and of the relationship between man and his environment, working diligently to balance the two for theRead MoreComparison Of Alexander Hamilton And Thomas Jefferson1213 Words   |  5 PagesAlexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson were key Founding Fathers of America who contributed to its freedom and independence. Both men were influential leaders of their time whose visions for the future of the country were clearly contrasting. Hamilton believed for a strong federal government and an economy based on banking. While Jefferson desired for a nation to be controlled by the states and its people. Their competing visions for the United States are still in debate until this day. AlthoughRead MoreAlexander Hamilton Vs. Thomas Jefferson871 Words   |  4 PagesConflicting views and contrasting ideologies have always existed throughout the history of Unit ed States politics. Alexander Hamilton, who led Federalist Party, believed that a powerful central government was necessary while Thomas Jefferson, who led the Jeffersonian Republican Party, favored an agrarian nation with most of the power left to the states. Although Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson were similar in that they both harbored good intentions and tried to keep the best interests in mind forRead MoreThe Differences Of Thomas Jefferson And Alexander Hamilton903 Words   |  4 Pagesrise of the political party system. During the 1790s, rising tensions among members of George Washington’s cabinet fueled the development of two political parties, the Democratic Republicans and Republicans. At the forefront were Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton, respectively. Their divergent temperaments, views on government, and perception of each other in their individual letters to George Washington on â€Å"9 September 1792† reveal the early roots of the part y system, and to an extent, politicalRead MoreAlexander Hamilton Vs. Thomas Jefferson1289 Words   |  6 Pages Selina Lewis October 17, 2014 Government Ms. Bishop Alexander Hamilton vs. Thomas Jefferson During the ratification of the Constitution of 1787, the Federalist and Anti-federalist views created tensions and barriers between the two. Federalists, who supported the making of a new document, the Constitution, differed from Anti-federalists who believed that â€Å"the new system threatened liberties and failed to protect individual rights.† Anti-federalist, such as Patrick Henry, James WinthropRead MoreAlexander Hamilton Vs. Thomas Jefferson887 Words   |  4 PagesHamilton vs. Jefferson During the Revolutionary- Federalist Era, politics, parties, programs, policies, and people made an enormous difference in how the new nation should be structured and run. During this era, two men in particular championed politics and their respective parties. These two men were Alexander Hamilton, a Federalist, and Thomas Jefferson, a Democratic-Republican. Both Hamilton and Jefferson were successful college educated intellectuals and politicians who made significant contributionsRead MoreEssay on Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson1029 Words   |  5 PagesFederalist supporters, also known as Hamiltonian Federalist, were lead by Alexander Hamilton who was the Secretary of Treasury under President Washington and a well off banker in the early Republic. With allies like President Washington and John Adams, he appealed to urban elite and business merchants who agreed with Hamilton’s ideas for commercial and financial strength. Using his strong connections with his wealthy supporters, Hamilton established networks in each state’s government, mainly with New EnglandRead More The Impact on America of Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson615 Words   |  3 PagesAmerica of Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton were completely at odds in their vision on how America was to develop. Hamilton wanted to concentrate power in a centralized federal government with limited access and Jefferson wished to diffuse it among all the eligible freemen of the time. Alexander Hamilton feared anarchy and distrusted popular rule while Jefferson feared tyranny and thought in terms of liberty and freedom. Thomas Jefferson was an

Global Marketing Services

Questions: 1. What is the basic business philosophy and corporate/business strategy of the company that provides this service? Describe how this service fits with the corporate philosophy and corporate strategy. 2. Explain this services sustainable competitive advantage and why you believe this is a sustainable competitive advantage. Discuss how this service can be used to expand the business and what corporate growth strategy should be used by the company and why. 3. Conduct a Porters Five Forces analysis on the above mentioned service. For each of the five forces, discuss at least 2-3 factors that affect your service. Based on this analysis, what recommendations would you make to the CEO? 4. Who is the target market for the service? Why do you believe this? What should be a future market segment and why? For this future market segment, what strategy should be used and why? Be specific. 5. Identify the market position that this service has. (Hint: market position is NOT size or share. One way to help you answer this question is to discuss what comes to the consumers minds when they are asked about the service.) Discuss the market strategy that should be used relative to the position identified. Does the company use this strategy? Make sure to provide specific examples. How effective is this position for your service? Discuss the potential effect of repositioning the service and what the company would need to do to reposition the service. 6. What is the market share for this service? Is market share expected to grow, decline, or remain the same? Why? Based on the services stage of the PLC, explain strategies the company can use to increase share gains. Discuss the implications to the company to obtain an increase in share. Will the return on the investment be worth it? Why or why not? 7. Identify 2-3 challengers (competitors) of this service. If you were a consultant for the challenger, what strategy would you recommend to gain share over this service? For each challenger, is the best strategy being used? Why or why not? How would you counter this strategy if you were the decision maker regarding the service you identified in question 1? Why do you think this strategy would be the best? Provide specific examples. 8. Interpret syndication of information as the use of social media. Describe how social media is used for your service (i.e., identify and explain the various tools used for service promotion and brand building for your service). Is the current strategy being used the best one? Why or why not? What recommendations would you make to use/change how social media is used advantageously for your service? Has your service had to deal with counteracting negative social media? If so, explain how the company did this. If not, what recommendations would you make if a negative message was posted on social media about your service? Explain and provide recommendations for change. Answers: 1. What is the basic business philosophy and corporate/business strategy of the company that provides this service? Describe how this service fits with the corporate philosophy and corporate strategy. Lion Bridge provides global social media marketing services. The philosophy of Lion Bridge defines that appreciation of benefits and satisfaction of things and services is a genuine effort to build a long term relationship with customers. The company has been able to achieve success in global marketing by utilizing the most used platform to appreciate their clients product and services. The business strategy of the organization is to utilize social media platforms for brand recognisation and brand building. Corporate philosophy of Lion Bridge is that global companies must have good relationship with their customers and communities in order to promote globalization. Therefore, company is contributing in it by utilizing social media platforms (Lionbridge, 2016). 2. Explain this services sustainable competitive advantage and why you believe this is a sustainable competitive advantage. Discuss how this service can be used to expand the business and what corporate growth strategy should be used by the company and why. Global social marketing services have potential to gain sustainable competitive advantage in the global marketing industry. The era of internet and smart phones has impacted several industries, social media platforms have been best platform to connect with potential customers, communities and other stakeholders. Therefore, global social marketing services have potential to make an organization competitive for long term. Lion Bridge can expand its services by launching integrated marketing programs that best utilizes traditional and online marketing approaches. The company must utilize strategic alliances with leaders of industry in different regions as their corporate strategy to establish the organization in different regions. 3. Conduct a Porters Five Forces analysis on the above mentioned service. For each of the five forces, discuss at least 2-3 factors that affect your service. Based on this analysis, what recommendations would you make to the CEO? (Hint: You do not explain the forces; you need to analyze/apply them.) Porters five forces model has 5 forces: bargaining power of supplier, bargaining power of substitutes, bargaining power of buyers, and threat of new entrants and industry rivalry. Bargaining power of supplier: Bargaining power of supplier is less and factors that affect the power of supplier can be associated with third party dependency and merchandise. Bargaining power of substitutes: Bargaining power of substitutes is also less because of the increasing trend of social media popularity. Bargaining power of buyers: Buyers power is high because of the high competition in the industry. In this scenario, quality of service affects the services most. Threat of new entrants: Threat of new entrants is also high as there are so many new starters entering in the industry. Industry rivalry: Industry rivalry is high because of the new emerging market and popularity. 4. Who is the target market for the service? Why do you believe this? What should be a future market segment and why? For this future market segment, what strategy should be used and why? Be specific. Target Market: Future Market segments: Brands looking to engage their customers via social media platforms Future target market: Brands and companies looking for online branding solutions, or willing to establish online brand Strategy: The Company must provide unique set of programs to gain competitive advantage in the organization. 5. Identify the market position that this service has. (Hint: market position is NOT size or share. One way to help you answer this question is to discuss what comes to the consumers minds when they are asked about the service.) Discuss the market strategy that should be used relative to the position identified. Does the company use this strategy? Make sure to provide specific examples. How effective is this position for your service? Discuss the potential effect of repositioning the service and what the company would need to do to reposition the service. Market position of the service Facebook 45,6% (-) YouTube 21,5% (+) Twitter 4,73% (+) Effective strategies: inbound marketing, Youtube marketing, channel development and content marketing are effective strategies that companies are using to stay in competitive in the market. In addition to these strategies quality of communication and services is also playing a major role in the industry. Lion Bridge Strategy utilizes all strategies by featuring it with effective 24/7 engagement, first touch customer services and real time engagement. 6. What is the market share for this service? Is market share expected to grow, decline, or remain the same? Why? Based on the services stage of the PLC, explain strategies the company can use to increase share gains. Discuss the implications to the company to obtain an increase in share. Will the return on the investment be worth it? Why or why not? Annual growth of mobile social users is increasing day by day; customer engagement via social media marketing has been so easy for the organizations. The increasing trend of social users depicts a continuous growth in share of the service. On the basis of annual growth in Jan 2016 the market will be growing in coming year. As per the product life cycle stage, at growing stage the company needs increase brand preference in order to gain share gains. Source: Global Social Media Statistics Summary 2016 The organization can build their own channels to gain completive advantage in the market as being leader on inventor of a new channel. If the company gets success in achieving market position that it will help the organization to gain sustainable competitive advantage in the market. The return on investment will be worth because the market is in growth stage and it will remain for long period. In this scenario, if a company can target new market position that it would definitely reflect good ROI. 7. Identify 2-3 challengers (competitors) of this service. If you were a consultant for the challenger, what strategy would you recommend to gain share over this service? For each challenger, is the best strategy being used? Why or why not? How would you counter this strategy if you were the decision maker regarding the service you identified in question 1? Why do you think this strategy would be the best? Provide specific examples. SEO services: The first competitor of the service is search engine optimizers who utilizes online and offline strategies to gain market share in online global marketing industry. Social media platforms such as face book have been tough competition to search engines like Google and yahoo. SEO services can gain share by focusing on providing value to customers and readers to get organic traffic. Online reputation management: Social media has a drawback of lack of informative content. In this scenario, search engines are more considered more authentic for reputation management. Knowledge sharing and content marketing: Again social media is a good platform to share knowledge and content but these services needs to be developed on World Wide Web. 8. Interpret syndication of information as the use of social media. Describe how social media is used for your service (i.e., identify and explain the various tools used for service promotion and brand building for your service). Is the current strategy being used the best one? Why or why not? What recommendations would you make to use/change how social media is used advantageously for your service? Has your service had to deal with counteracting negative social media? If so, explain how the company did this. If not, what recommendations would you make if a negative message was posted on social media about your service? Explain and provide recommendations for change. The company has been using SMM (social media marketing) to market itself, as the company itself been a online marketing company it has to be good in it. The company is using effective SMM techniques to engage its customers. Recommendation If there are some negative comments about the company then it can utilize online reputation management where positive posts are written and posted so that negative posts get downs in search engine ranking. References Global Social Media Solutions | Global Marketing Services | Lionbridge. (2016). Lionbridge.com. Retrieved 17 July 2016, from https://www.lionbridge.com/solutions/global-social-media/ Global Social Media Statistics Summary 2016. (2016). Smart Insights. Retrieved 17 July 2016, from https://www.smartinsights.com/social-media-marketing/social-media-strategy/new-global-social-media-research/